![]() ![]() ![]() It aims to determine if one variable directly impacts and causes another. Experimental research goes a step further beyond descriptive and correlational research and randomly assigns people to different conditions, using hypothesis testing to make inferences about how these conditions affect behavior. Descriptive research is distinct from correlational research, in which psychologists formally test whether a relationship exists between two or more variables. Often a researcher will begin with a non-experimental approach, such as a descriptive study, to gather more information about the topic before designing an experiment or correlational study to address a specific hypothesis. In these situations designing an experiment would be premature, as the question of interest is not yet clearly defined as a hypothesis. In the early stages of research it might be difficult to form a hypothesis, especially when there is not any existing literature in the area. ![]() These studies are used to describe general or specific behaviors and attributes that are observed and measured. The three main categories of psychological research are descriptive, correlational, and experimental research. Research studies that do not test specific relationships between variables are called descriptive, or qualitative, studies. Other approaches involve interactions between the researcher and the individuals who are being studied-ranging from a series of simple questions to extensive, in-depth interviews-to well-controlled experiments. Some methods rely on observational techniques. There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it. Explain the strengths and weaknesses of case studies, naturalistic observation, and surveys.Differentiate between descriptive, experimental, and correlational research. ![]()
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